Which term describes a disease caused by protein deficiency making children particularly vulnerable to other diseases?

• A. Marasmus
• B. Irrigation
• C. Kwashiorkor
• D. Food Shortages

Answer: (C)

Protein-energy malnutrition in children happens when protein intake is too low, which weakens the immune system and makes them more prone to infections. The form caused mainly by a lack of protein in the diet (even if calories may be adequate) is Kwashiorkor. It often appears after weaning when a child’s diet lacks protein, leading to symptoms like edema (swelling), an enlarged liver, skin and hair changes, and poor healing. Marasmus, by contrast, is due to a severe overall energy deficit and presents mainly as extreme wasting rather than edema. The other options don’t describe a disease related to protein deficiency.