Which factors have discouraged agriculture and reduced the workforce in the region?

• A. Drought and HIV/AIDS
• B. Heavy rainfall and pest outbreaks
• C. Urban migration only
• D. Floods and malaria

Answer: (C)

The idea is that people moving from rural areas to towns and cities reduces the number of workers available for farming. When many individuals—especially working-age family members—leave farms for urban jobs, planting, tending, and harvesting rely on fewer hands, so agriculture shrinks and becomes less attractive. This migration creates a lasting decrease in the agricultural labor force and discourages continued farming. Environmental problems like droughts, floods, pests, or diseases can harm yields, but they don’t inherently explain a sustained drop in workers due to people choosing urban employment, which is why urban migration explains the region’s reduced agricultural workforce best.