Gullies mainly form due to which environmental condition in the high veld areas?

• A. Drought
• B. Torrential rainfall
• C. Human activity
• D. Snow melt

Answer: (B)

Gullies form when intense, heavy rainfall creates rapid surface runoff that concentrates into narrow flows, washing away loose soil along slopes. In high veld areas, soils are often shallow and vegetation cover may be limited, so the water doesn’t infiltrate quickly and instead erodes the surface, carving channels that become gullies. The energy of a torrential downpour is the key driver, as it can move material downslope much faster than it can be replaced, leading to headward erosion and the widening of channels. Drought reduces available water and rainfall, so it’s less able to create gullies; snow melt is uncommon in many high veld regions; while human activity can contribute to erosion, the main natural cause here is torrential rainfall.